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Usually Groovy is thought of as a loose, dynamically typed language that is otherwise similar to Java. Given this, it would make sense to write in Groovy when dynamism is needed an write in Java when you need strong typing, etc. to avoid side effects. But a great differentiator for groovy over any other dynamic language running on the JVM is that it also has all of Java's support for Strong typing, Generics, immutable objects and the like. This allows Groovy a tremendous range using dynamism where it makes sense and locking it down where it makes sense to do that.