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Ruby Language Features
Unsorted list of features, howto's, suggar and evils of ruby (on rails)
# THIS FILE CONTAINS INTERESTING SNIPPETS OF RUBY/RAILS
# in order to accelerate learning and find forgotten things
#
# Key shortcuts!
# ctrl+shift+v controller/view!
# ctrl+k find next word
# ctrl+m maximize editor
#
#
#
#
BAD
-----------------------
model files do not contain the classes field information
instead this is stored in different 'migration' files
create_table "periods" do |t|
t.column "target_id", :integer
t.column "target_type", :string
t.column "start_at", :datetime
t.column "end_at", :datetime
t.column "wholeday", :boolean
t.column "wholeweek", :boolean
t.column "allweeks", :boolean
end
NO inbuild multi dimensional arrays
DANGER!!!!!
and is not && !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
return x==7 and y==8 => void value expression!!!
return x==7 && y==8 !!!
nr==0 (evaluates string.nil? !!!!!!! "0"==0 -> false!!!!)
nr.to_i==0 !!
#ANNOYANCES:
+ operator for string is really baad :
cannot convert nil into String !!!
puts "teacher "+ @lesson.teacher
"last saved : "+ DateTime.now.to_s #to_s !!! neccessary!!!!!!! (and ugly)
"nr"+rand(10).to_s#!!!
Language buggy: (see http://public.transcraft.co.uk/blog/index.html)
ActionController::RoutingError (Recognition failed for "/images/btnbg.gif"):
helpers are only for views!! (ApplicationController is what you need)
@links = Link.find_by_sql [
"SELECT * from links where link like '"+ @a +"%' order by id asc"]
#endwith startwith
s = "Hello, world"
/^Hello/.match( s ) >> true
/world$/.match( s ) >> true
<!--bad philosopy : evaluation inside html comments?
<%#= datetime_select 'lesson', 'end_at' %></p>-->
-------------------------------------
Good
********************
class.byname:
alle= eval(type+".find(:all)")
Object.const_get("Array")
# default values
def initialize(definitions=[], word = nil)
@definitions = definitions
@word = word
end
rake db_schema_dump !!! instead of writing the migration files yourself
rake --help
rake migrate VERSION=n #runs from 0 to n !!!!!!!!!!!
Customer.find_all [ "company = ?", company ]
und wenn man eine LIKE '%xx%' Abfrage erstellen möchte:
Customer.find_all [ " company LIKE ? ", '%#{company}%' ]
string arrays:
x= %w(Montag Dienstag) is short for
y= ["Montag" ,"Dienstag"]
<%= sortable_element('listOrTableId' , :url => { :action => 'move' }) #, :update => 'test-id',:tag => 'tr', :complete => visual_effect(:highlight, q.id))%>
<%= observe_field(:search,
:frequency => 0.5,
:update => :results,
:url => { :action => :search },
:loading => "Element.show('indicator_gif_id')",
:complete => "Element.hide('indicator_gif_id')")
%>
/// HOW TOs (mixed with 'good')
global functions !
put them in application.rb (ApplicationController)
Regular expressions
#substitute patterns (m=LineBreaks u=Unicode i=IgnoreCase)
a=a.gsub(/<img.*?>/mui, "") # yeah right nice naming, suckers!
send_file or send http response data
send_data @person.picture, :filename => @person.filename, :type => "image/jpeg", :disposition => "inline"
require 'net/ftp'
ftp = Net::FTP.new('ftp.netlab.co.jp')
ftp.login files = ftp.chdir('pub/lang/ruby/contrib')
files = ftp.list('n*')
ftp.getbinaryfile('nif.rb-0.91.gz', 'nif.gz', 1024)
ftp.close
#reflection :
list.class.reflect_on_all_associations
>>>>>>>regex<<<<<<<<
// greedy !!!!
puts "a[bcb]d[bebb]rerberb]w[bsdaeb]ega".scan(/\[b(.*)b/).inspect
=>cb]d[bebb]rerberb]w[bsdae
// .*? not greedy ++
puts "a[bcb]d[bebb]rerberb]w[bsdaeb]egab".scan(/\[b(.*?)b/).inspect
=> [["c"], ["e"], ["sdae"]]
#debug over ssh:
#ruby breakpointer [options] [server uri]
#ruby script/generate scaffold x // model + view!
#http://www.rubycentral.com/book/tut_modules.html modules
require 'net/http'
require 'uri'
img='http://www.macdesktops.com/?res=TRUE&category=35'
html=Net::HTTP.get URI.parse(img)
#switch cases
def search
@results = Search.find(params[:query])
case @results
when 0 then render :action=> "no_results"
when 1 then render :action=> "show"
when 2..10 then render :action=> "show_many"
end
end
module Action
VERY_BAD = 0
BAD = 1
def Action.sin(badness)
# ...
end
end
require "trig"
require "action"
##########
MIXINS
module Debug
def whoAmI?
"#{self.type.name} (\##{self.id}): #{self.to_s}"
end
end
class Phonograph
include Debug
# ...
end
class EightTrack
include Debug
# ...
end
ph = Phonograph.new("West End Blues")
et = EightTrack.new("Surrealistic Pillow")
#ph.whoAmI? » "Phonograph (#537766170): West End Blues"
#et.whoAmI? » "EightTrack (#537765860): Surrealistic Pillow"
##########################33
time=5.minutes + 30.seconds ## cool !!!!!!
5.times do |i|
File.open("temp.rb","w") { |f|
f.puts "module Temp\ndef Temp.var() #{i}; end\nend"
}
load "temp.rb"
puts Temp.var
end
################
print "Enter your name: "
name = gets
#################
Argumentlisten variabler Länge
Was aber, wenn Sie eine variable Anzahl von Argumenten übergeben wollen oder mehrere Argumente mit einem einzigen Parameter auffangen wollen? Wenn Sie einen Stern vor den Namen des Parameters nach den ``normalen'' Parametern setzen, wird genau das gemacht.
def varargs(arg1, *rest)
"Got #{arg1} and #{rest.join(', ')}"
end
y = Trig.sin(Trig::PI/4)
wrongdoing = Action.sin(Action::VERY_BAD)
# setup:
# rails <appname>
# ruby script\generate scaffold survey #!! does the following too:
# ruby script\generate controller survey
# ruby script\generate model survey
#backward if
#def isanum=true
puts "It's not a number" if isanum.nil?
#$! variable!!
rescue ScriptError, StandardError
printf "ERR: %s\n", $! || 'exception raised'
#eval
eval(line).inspect
#regexp matching & no brackets
if a =~ /^[-+]?\d+$/;
puts "It's a number that may indicate positive or negative"
end
Does anyone know how to get an ID back, instead of a String?
@doctor = Doctor.find_by_name(params[:doctor][:name])
params[:parent][:doctor] = @doctor
#what is that? yml intralanguage :(
# database: verwurzelt_de_development
# <<: *login
#Simplemost file IO:
IO.foreach("testfile") { |line| puts line }
arr = IO.readlines("testfile")
#Simple socket
require 'socket'
client = TCPSocket.open('localhost', 'finger')
client.send("oracle\n", 0) # 0 means standard packet
puts client.readlines
client.close
#HTTP
require 'net/http'
h = Net::HTTP.new('www.pragmaticprogrammer.com', 80)
resp, data = h.get('/index.html', nil)
if resp.message == "OK"
data.scan(/<img src="(.*?)"/) { |x| puts x }
end #get images!
#error handling:
f = File.open("testfile")
begin
f.each_line {|line| puts "Got #{line.dump}" }
# .. process
raise ArgumentError, "Name too big", caller
rescue ArgumentError
#rescue
# .. handle error
else
puts "Congratulations-- no errors!"
ensure
f.close unless f.nil?
end
#############
# SICK : two mechanisms!!!
def promptAndGet(prompt)
print prompt
res = readline.chomp
throw :quitRequested if res == "!"
return res
end
catch :quitRequested do
name = promptAndGet("Name: ")
age = promptAndGet("Age: ")
sex = promptAndGet("Sex: ")
# ..
# process information
end
#############
require 'breakpoint'
Thread.new do
loop do
begin
breakpoint
rescue Exception
end
end
end
<script type="text/javascript" language="javascript" charset="utf-8">
// <![CDATA[
Sortable.create('sortlist',{ghosting:false,constraint:false,hoverclass:'over',
//onUpdate:function(sortable){alert(Sortable.serialize(sortable))},
onChange:function(element){
var data= Sortable.serialize(element.parentNode);
var url="<%=url_for :controller=>'question',:action=>'move'%>";
new Ajax.Request(url,{parameters:data});
}
});
// ]]>
</script>
Comments
Snippets Manager replied on Sat, 2006/08/05 - 12:43am